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Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the international shipping market has been highly volatile, posing a serious threat to the survival and development of many maritime start-ups. With the development of the digital economy, digital transformation is affecting the evolution and upgrading of many traditional enterprises, including maritime enterprises. In the post-COVID-19 era, start-up small and medium-sized enterprises will need to consider the importance of enterprise risk management to achieve transformation and upgrading. The purpose of this study is to provide guidance for the establishment and upgrading of risk management systems for start-ups based on the identification of risk management strategies of maritime enterprises and the evaluation of their performance. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and importance-performance analysis methods were used to rank the operational risk, financial risk, market risk, innovation risk, and disaster risk according to sub-items and screen out the risk management schemes for priority improvements. Through empirical research, it was found that the financial risk and market risk response schemes have the lowest performance and need to be prioritised for improvement. This study argues that start-ups can appropriately challenge their risk management strategies to meet potential risk management needs based on their own circumstances.
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This paper determines the optimal communication by the policymakers in the wake of the Covid-19 crisis. The authors have developed a conceptual framework for optimal communication from the available literature and the opinion of the experts. Further, a hybrid methodology based on Fuzzy AHP and Goal programming has been used for the analysis. Using the conceptual framework it was revealed that there are 72 configurations from which optimal one has to be chosen by the policymakers for communicating optimally during pandemic emergencies like the Covid-19 outbreak. The analysis using hybrid methodology highlighted that FRTD is the optimal configuration out of the 72 possibilities. Considering this option would minimize the effect of the Covid-19 crisis by helping policymakers communicate to the maximum people at the minimum delay.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the radio frequency identification (RFID) strategic value attributes (RFIDSVAs) mechanism selections preferences and also integration of RFID tags with technology coordination tools (IRTWTCTs) alternatives ranking performance decisions in supply chain management (SCM). RFID-enabled techno-economic feasibility decisions are enhancing the SC visibility in apparel supply chains (ASCs). The RFIDSVAs mechanism selections have performed significant agility to strategic competitive advantages, namely, inventory visibility, multi-tags ownership transfer within trusted third party, etc.Design/methodology/approachFuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) and FAHP-fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS) approaches have been used to evaluate the quantitative assessment of RFIDSVA mechanisms selection decision based on weight priority orders and IRTWTCTs alternatives selection in ASC networks. The comparison of FAHP and FAHP-FTOPSIS approaches to evaluate the integrated framework develop in RFIDSVAs mechanisms and IRTWTCTs alternatives selection decisions in Indian multi-tier ASC networks.FindingsThe result found that the FAHP-FTOPSIS approaches have used to prioritizing the RFIDSVA mechanism selection weights and also identify the IRTWTCTs alternatives ranking preferences order in apparel SCM. The comparison between the FAHP and FAHP-FTOPSIS approach to quantitative assessments from RFIDSVA mechanisms and IRTWTCTs alternatives selection decisions, which enable them SC agility potential across multi-tier visibility in ASC networks. ASC stakeholders can be benefited by techno-economic feasibility decisions, RFID-enabled shop floor activities, multi-tags ownerships transfer in SCs and knowledge-based cryptography tags/items separation in SCs.Research limitations/implicationsThe research work has considered only five RFIDSVA mechanisms and also three integration of RFIDTWTCTs alternatives in multi-tier ASC. The strategic competitive advantages are achieved by RFID-enabled break-even tags price decisions and also techno-economic feasibility decision by contractual design multi-tier SC stakeholder's involvements.Practical implicationsThe pilot project study explores that the quantitative assessment decision has based on RFID-enable techno-economic feasibility in ASCs. Stakeholders can be benefited by inventory control of the financial losses, reducing the inventory inaccuracies and multi-tags ownership transfer within trusted third-party traceability in ASC networks.Originality/valueThis study explores the RFID-enabled apparel SC process and activities visibility (natural fibre's fibre producer, fibre dyeing producer, yarn spinning producer, knitting and finishing producer).
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Maritime education and training (MET) for seafarers who operate ships has struggled to flexibly adapt to technological and environmental changes. In particular, as social demand for online MET arose due to COVID-19, the need for sustainable MET beyond traditional teaching methods grew exponentially. In order to identify the most optimal MET methods among face-to-face and online methods, this study reviewed the concepts and applications of existing MET methods, grouped them using a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, and supplemented this structure through a designed survey. The results showed that the online methods had the greatest weight, and the "XR (extended reality) within the metaverse" teaching method had the highest priority. This study identified which MET methods should be prepared for the post-COVID era through quantitative analysis. We confirmed the need for attention to XR within the metaverse as a field of online methods in the future. Furthermore, our findings reveal that online education platforms via metaverse-based "expansion" and "connection" are needed, and pave the way for future research to expand empirical studies on MET satisfaction regarding existing International Maritime Organization model courses.
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After the detection of the first official case diagnosed with COVID-19 on March 2020, the new package called as "Economic Stability Shield” have been implemented in Turkey to minimize the effects of the pandemic. As in all sectors, the epidemic caused various changes in the real estate sector. The demands of citizens who stayed in homes for a long time during the epidemic period have also changed when buying a house. This study aims to investigate the importance of selection criteria for buying a house criterion in the real estate sector and to determine the most suitable house of via a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach. By integrating Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Multi-Attribute Ideal Real Comparative Analysis (FMAIRCA), the assessment criteria of buying house and suitable houses are evaluated. While making this evaluation, the weights of the criteria are obtained by pairwise comparisons under fuzzy environment through collected from five households living in Konya. Next, the FMAIRCA method is used to rank the candidate houses according to the views of the households. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the criteria of eligibility for credit are the most important criteria. For the case study, we perform a comparative analysis on the performance of fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy VIKOR in buying a house. Our comparative analysis for this case study shows that the three fuzzy MCDM methods achieve the identical rankings. © 2023 Gazi Universitesi Muhendislik-Mimarlik. All rights reserved.
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In the fourth industrial revolution age, digital transformation is crucial to the sustainable development of small- and medium-sized businesses (SMEs). This study suggests a hierarchical model based on the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) model with three main dimensions and nine sub-dimensions for SMEs that implemented digital transformation in the emerging economy. The fuzzy analytic hierarchical process methodology (Fuzzy AHP) was used to explore and rank determinants of the digital transformation adoption for SMEs. Data were collected by the questionnaires from 72 respondents, who were the leaders of SMEs in Vietnam. The results revealed that the environmental factor was ranked the most important factor in the pairwise comparisons of the hierarchical structure, and the sub-dimension of the customer experience was at the highest ranking of the relative pairwise comparisons of the digital transformation adoption for SMEs, followed by technological compatibility, government support, organizational support, and human resources. This research makes contributions to the topic of digital transformation from both theoretical and practical implications. The result stresses the critical significance of environmental factors in the successful adoption of digital technologies in SMEs, which adds to the perspective in the context of a growing nation.
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Globally, the transportation and logistics sector is facing economic disruptions owing to geopolitical tensions and post-COVID-19 global economic downturns. This disruption places more pressure on transportation companies to review their work methods and processes. Coupling data and model-driven approaches is essential for developing effective and efficient resilience strategies. To address this issue, this study provides an overview of the appearance of simulation in business analytics. However, a thorough review of the literature based on the PRISMA search process allowed us to identify that none of the previous studies could highlight the role or evaluate the hybridization between business analytics and simulation and their joint use in freight transportation. Moreover, this study proposes a collaborative framework based on the intuitionistic fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (IF-AHP) technique to select a business analytics-enabled simulation architecture. This study contributes to the freight transport sector by setting up an updated list of criteria and sub-criteria necessary for business analytics evaluation and enriches the literature by applying the IF-AHP technique to a concrete case of implementing data analytics and simulation. This study also suggests future directions to enrich the academic literature and offers insights to improve the framework for other use cases. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
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PurposeThis study prioritizes the supply chain risks (SCRs) and determines risk mitigation strategies (RMSs) for the Indian apparel industry to mitigate the shock of the COVID-19 pandemic disruption.Design/methodology/approachInitially, 23 SCRs within the apparel industry are identified through an extant literature review. Further, a fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) is utilized to prioritize the SCRs considering the epidemic situations to understand the criticality of SCRs and determine appropriate RMSs to mitigate the shock of SCRs during COVID-19.FindingsThis study prioritized and ranked the SCRs within the Indian apparel industry based on their severity during the COVID-19 disruption. Results indicate that the demand uncertainty and pandemic disruption risks are the most critical. Based on the SCRs, the present work evaluated and suggested the flexibility and postponement mitigation strategies for the case under study.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has novel implications to the existing literature on supply chain risk management in the form of the FAHP framework. Supply chain practitioners from the other industrial sectors can extend the proposed FAHP framework to assess the SCRs and identify suitable mitigation strategies. The results aid the practitioners working in an apparel industry to benchmark and deploy the proposed RMSs in their firm.Originality/valueThe present study is a unique and earlier attempt to develop a quantitative framework using FAHP to evaluate and determine the risk mitigation strategy for managing the SCRs during the coronavirus epidemic.
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PurposeDue to the introduction of new vaccines in the child immunization program and inefficient vaccine supply chain (VSC), the universal immunization program (UIP), India is struggling to provide a full schedule of vaccination to the targeted children. In this paper, the authors investigate the critical factors for improving the performance of the existing VSC system by implementing the next-generation vaccine supply chain (NGVSC) in India.Design/methodology/approachThe authors design a fuzzy multi-criteria framework using a fuzzy analytical hierarchical process (FAHP) and fuzzy multi-objective optimization on the basis of ratio analysis (FMOORA) to identify and analyze the critical barriers and enablers for the implementation of NGVSC. Further, the authors carry out a numerical simulation to validate the model.FindingsThe outcome of the analysis contends that demand forecasting is the topmost supply chain barrier and sustainable financing is the most important/critical enabler to facilitate the implementation of the NGVSC. In addition, the simulation reveals that the results of the study are reliable.Social implicationsThe findings of the study can be useful for the child immunization policymakers of India and other developing countries to design appropriate strategies for improving existing VSC performance by implementing the NGVSC.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, the study is the first empirical study to propose the improvement of VSC performance by designing the NGVSC.
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After the detection of the first official case diagnosed with COVID-19 on March 2020, the new package called as "Economic Stability Shield" have been implemented in Turkey to minimize the effects of the pandemic. As in all sectors, the epidemic caused various changes in the real estate sector. The demands of citizens who stayed in homes for a long time during the epidemic period have also changed when buying a house. This study aims to investigate the importance of selection criteria for buying a house criterion in the real estate sector and to determine the most suitable house of via a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach. By integrating Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Multi-Attribute Ideal Real Comparative Analysis (FMAIRCA), the assessment criteria of buying house and suitable houses are evaluated. While making this evaluation, the weights of the criteria are obtained by pairwise comparisons under fuzzy environment through collected from five households living in Konya. Next, the FMAIRCA method is used to rank the candidate houses according to the views of the households. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the criteria of eligibility for credit are the most important criteria. For the case study, we perform a comparative analysis on the performance of fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy VIKOR in buying a house. Our comparative analysis for this case study shows that the three fuzzy MCDM methods achieve the identical rankings. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] Ílk resmi COVID-19 vakasının Mart 2020'de tespitinden sonra pandeminin etkilerini en aza indirgemek için Türkiye'de "Ekonomik Ístikrar Kalkanı" adı verilen yeni paket hayata geçirilmiştir. Tüm sektörlerde olduğu gibi gayrimenkul sektöründe de salgın çeşitli değişikliklere sebep olmuştur. Salgın döneminde uzun süre evlerde kalan vatandaşların konut alırken talepleri de değişikliğe uğramıştır. Bu çalışma, gayrimenkul sektöründe konut satın alma kriterleri için seçim kriterlerinin önemini araştırmayı ve Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yaklaşımıyla en uygun konutu belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (BAHS) ve Multi-Attribute Ideal Real Comparative Analysis (BMAIRCA) yöntemleri bir arada kullanılarak konut satın alma değerlendirme kriterleri ve aday konutlar değerlendirilmektedir. Bu değerlendirme yapılırken, kriterlerin ağırlıklarını belirlemek için Konya'da yaşayan beş hane halkından veri toplanarak ikili karşılaştırmalar ile bulanık ortam altında kriter ağırlıkları elde edilmiştir. Daha sonra, aday konutları ailelerin görüşlerine göre sıralamak için BMAIRCA yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda pandemi sürecinde krediye uygunluk kriterinin en önemli kriter olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Örnek vaka çalışması için, bulanık TOPSIS ve bulanık VIKOR'un konut satın alma performansı üzerine karşılaştırma analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örnek vaka çalışması için karşılaştırma analizimiz, üç bulanık yöntemin aynı sıralamalara ulaştığını göstermektedir. (Turkish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of the Faculty of Engineering & Architecture of Gazi University / Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, is the property of Gazi University, Faculty of Engineering & Architecture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
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PurposeThe paper aims to identify the most supply chain resilient company suitable for the customized preferences of partner firms in the context of the Chinese supply chain framework during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachA hybrid multicriteria model, i.e. Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), was used to assign weights to each criterion, which was subsequently analyzed by three approaches, namely Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), Fuzzy DEMATEL (Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory), and Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution (EDA), to rank the top ten companies in descending order of supply chain resilience. Further, sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the consistency in ranking with variation in weights. The rankings are validated by a novel Ensemble Ranking algorithm and by supply chain domain experts.FindingsThe rankings suggest the company "China Energy Construction Group Tianjin Electric Power Construction Co., Ltd” is the most feasible and resilient company, presenting interesting findings to partner firms, and Bosch is the least reliable supply chain company of the ten firms considered, thus presenting interesting findings to partner companies.Practical implications"Crisis Management Beforehand” is most critical in the current pandemic scenario. This implies that companies need to first prioritize taking proactive steps in crisis management followed by the need to minimize the "Expected impact of pandemic.” Performance factors also need to be regulated (sales, supply chain rank and financial performance) to maintain the company's overall reputation. Considering the consistent performance of the China Energy Construction Group Tianjin Electric Power Construction Co., Ltd., it is recommended as the most reliable supply chain firm to forge strategic partnerships with other supply chain stakeholders like suppliers and customers. On the other hand, Bosch is not recommended as a supply chain reliable company and needs to improve its crisis management capabilities to minimize the pandemic impact.Originality/valueThe paper aims to identify the most supply chain resilient company suitable for the customized preferences of partner firms in the context of the Chinese supply chain framework during the COVID-19 pandemic. The rankings suggest the company "China Energy Construction Group Tianjin Electric Power Construction Co., Ltd” is the most feasible and resilient company, presenting interesting findings to partner firms, and Bosch is the least reliable supply chain company of the ten firms considered, thus presenting interesting findings to partner companies.
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E-commerce, which is defined as making commercial transactions in an electronic environment, is becoming widespread with the increase of the use of internet and mobile devices. COVID-19 has greatly changed the consumption habits of individuals, increasing interest in electronic sales channels. Regardless of their size, most companies and retailers are currently looking for ways to engage their customers through electronic channels due to the effect of COVID-19. In this process, the rapidly increasing trend of electronic commerce raises an important question for companies, "In which e-marketplace should we sell?” In this study, five criteria that are important in the choice of the right e-marketplace were determined and eight online alternative e-marketplaces were evaluated. The study was carried out using the neutrosophic fuzzy AHP and EDAS methods, which are multi-criteria decision making techniques, and a framework was established for choosing the right e-commerce marketplace for sellers. © 2022,International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process. All Rights Reserved.
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BACKGROUND: Because of wrong sitting position, children have back-pain and related musculoskeletal pain (MPD). Due to inappropriate designed class furniture by not taking into account the children's anthropometric measurements have negative effect on children musculoskeletal systems. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis has changed the furniture industry's production trends. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a new fuzzy based design of ergonomic-oriented classroom furniture for primary school students considering the measured anthropometric dimensions of students' safety, health, well-being, i.e. ergonomic criteria, socio-psychological aspect and post-COVID policies. METHODS: In the study 2049 number of primary school students are assessed considering COVID-19 pandemic policies and their static anthropometric dimensions were measured between 7-10-year-old (between 1st-4th grade students) and descriptive statistics of children among their ages and genders are calculated; mean, standard deviation, percentiles. The data collected from the students were analyzed quantitatively by using Significance Analysis: Mann-Whitney U test statistic, t-test, Regression Analysis and one-way ANOVA. In the study interviews with experts are performed and fuzzy mathematical model (by using fuzzy-AHP, fuzzy-TOPSIS and fuzzy-VIKOR) is developed to calculate Turkey's three schools' furniture. RESULTS: Results showed statistically significant differences between two genders. And it is observed that the seating bench height is too high for primary school students and lower than the height of the classroom's blackboard from the floor. Fuzzy Multi Criteria Decision Making Method's (FMCDM) results show that primary school students' ergonomic classroom furniture should be mainly designed by considering "COVID-19 Criteria", "Ergonomic Criteria" and "Socio-Psychological Aspect". Students' existing seating benches and tables are changed by considering post-COVID policies/protocols, Ergonomic Criteria and Socio-Psychological Aspect. And a new seating bench/chair and table's dimensions is proposed in the study. CONCLUSIONS: Children study at school for long periods and their activities involve long periods of time on their desks in schools. As per the results of the study, it can be concluded that school management must consider the genders, ages of students and take into account the post-COVID policies/protocols while procuring the classroom furniture. The COVID-19 pandemic is the single largest event to have affected children globally in their access to school in recent times; estimates suggest that over 85%of the world's total enrolled learners, 1.5 billion children and youths, have been affected. The coronavirus pandemic also creates dramatic changes for the school furniture.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Interior Design and Furnishings , Adolescent , Child , Ergonomics , Female , Fuzzy Logic , Humans , Male , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2 , SchoolsABSTRACT
During the outbreak of COVID-19, information technology played a critical role in promoting education all around the world. Online teaching boosts students' learning processes and has a good impact on their learning during the epidemic. Big data technology transforms traditional teaching approaches and learning processes by providing a rich learning resource for diverse teaching elements and improving teachers' teaching techniques. Due to the COVID-19 epidemic, online education spread quickly, and traditional instruction was abruptly switched to online mode, posing a number of issues for students and management. Choosing a decent teaching technique is not an easy option, and it is even more difficult when it comes to selecting the approach. We used the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) method to evaluate four instructional methods based on seven criteria to solve this challenge. Fuzzy AHP is a powerful, simple, and direct way for determining which approach is the most efficient and effective. To simplify the selection process and address the issue of uncertainty, the Fuzzy AHP technique employs the geometric mean method. The Fuzzy AHP approach was found to be efficient and successful in the decision-making process in this study.
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To compete with the speedy revolution of high technological innovation and restarted economy for the post-COVID-19 period in China, governments and organizations should be active in attracting high-tech talent to enhance independent and indigenous R&D capability. Talent agglomeration effectiveness is the strongest endogenous force pushing competitiveness for regional economy and industrial development. Due to the complexity of high-tech talent agglomeration, there are still considerable gaps to evaluate the incentive factors. This study evaluates the influential indicator system by using a hybrid fuzzy set theory extended Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach for proximity to reality from individual, organizational and environmental dimensions. The statistical analysis is adopted to verify the results of fuzzy AHP analysis. This research explores the founding that individual incentives are more important than environmental factors, and environmental incentives are more influential than organizational incentives. Job satisfaction, welfare system, and geographical location are the highest ranking factors. High-tech start-ups should give priority to combine geographical location with political support to reserve site selection or firm relocation for a great effectiveness of high-tech talent agglomeration. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
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After the detection of the first official case diagnosed with COVID-19 on March 2020, the new package called as "Economic Stability Shield" have been implemented in Turkey to minimize the effects of the pandemic. As in all sectors, the epidemic caused various changes in the real estate sector. The demands of citizens who stayed in homes for a long time during the epidemic period have also changed when buying a house. This study aims to investigate the importance of selection criteria for buying a house criterion in the real estate sector and to determine the most suitable house of via a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach. By integrating Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Multi-Attribute Ideal Real Comparative Analysis (FMAIRCA), the assessment criteria of buying house and suitable houses are evaluated. While making this evaluation, the weights of the criteria are obtained by pairwise comparisons under fuzzy environment through collected from five households living in Konya. Next, the FMAIRCA method is used to rank the candidate houses according to the views of the households. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the criteria of eligibility for credit are the most important criteria. For the case study, we perform a comparative analysis on the performance of fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy VIKOR in buying a house. Our comparative analysis for this case study shows that the three fuzzy MCDM methods achieve the identical rankings. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR]
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After the detection of the first official case diagnosed with COVID-19 on March 2020, the new package called as "Economic Stability Shield" have been implemented in Turkey to minimize the effects of the pandemic. As in all sectors, the epidemic caused various changes in the real estate sector. The demands of citizens who stayed in homes for a long time during the epidemic period have also changed when buying a house. This study aims to investigate the importance of selection criteria for buying a house criterion in the real estate sector and to determine the most suitable house of via a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach. By integrating Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Multi-Attribute Ideal Real Comparative Analysis (FMAIRCA), the assessment criteria of buying house and suitable houses are evaluated. While making this evaluation, the weights of the criteria are obtained by pairwise comparisons under fuzzy environment through collected from five households living in Konya. Next, the FMAIRCA method is used to rank the candidate houses according to the views of the households. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the criteria of eligibility for credit are the most important criteria. For the case study, we perform a comparative analysis on the performance of fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy VIKOR in buying a house. Our comparative analysis for this case study shows that the three fuzzy MCDM methods achieve the identical rankings. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR]
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Vaccines play a critical role in preventing deaths, and hospitalization caused by infectious diseases. This study utilized a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to identify the systemic and behavioral barriers to vaccination for COVID-19. Then the study applied Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Technique, Fuzzy-Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to calculate the importance scores for these barriers. The study used a focus group of six experts working in healthcare for group decision-making. Three identified systemic barriers (importance score) were (1) Cost (0.048) (2) Convenience (0.043), and (3) Supply Chain Issue (0.037);while three behavioral barriers were (1) Complacency (0.128) (2) Lack of Trust (0.280), and (3) Lack of Awareness (0.488). The study concluded that the most important barrier to overcome was the Lack of Awareness followed by the Lack of Trust. The significant contribution of this study was that it established that the importance of behavioral barriers was significantly higher than the systemic barriers, which got more attention in planning. The result of the study concurred with the findings of the SLR. Thus, this study provided a descriptive and prescriptive framework for overcoming barriers to vaccination in resource-constrained countries. The findings of the study are useful for policymakers and healthcare administrators.
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During the Covid-19 pandemic, all sectors experienced chaotic dynamics worldwide. For example, maritime transport, particularly ports as one of its main elements, had to continue operating in this chaotic environment. Ports developed their own strategies to provide resilience against these challenges. However, any study in the related literature has not been reached that reveals resilience strategies of ports by combining literature review and interviews with port practitioners. As a novelty of the study, it was tried to evaluate resilience strategies of ports by grounding chaos theory. Therefore, this study had two aims: (1) identifying the Covid-19 strategies of Turkish container ports; (2) prioritizing these strategies in terms of impact level. First, interviews were conducted with Turkish container port representatives to find out their resilience strategies. These strategies were then validated with a literature review and new ones were detected. Second, separate relation analyses of the strategies were conducted for the interviews and literature. Finally, ports' resilience strategies against Covid-19 disruptions were prioritized using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on the port managers' evaluations. Fuzzy AHP is widely used and accepted in the maritime business literature. This method also diminishes inconsistencies and subjective evaluations by employing fuzzy logic. The results showed that 'Control Mechanism', 'Hygienic Measures', and 'Information Exchange' were the most effective resilience strategies. By using chaos theory, this study helped to theoretically clarify the role of port management approaches to the challenges of the Covid-19 pandemic. These findings can therefore guide container port practitioners in overcoming pandemic conditions.
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In the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, the turnover intention rate is increasing day by day. The objective of this study is to identify the main factors influencing turnover intention in the Vietnam hospitality industry. The study utilizes the fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS model to evaluate the dimensions of the hotel employee turnover intention model. The performance evaluation for employee turnover intention includes Work Itself, Supervision, Coworkers relationships, Salary and Benefit, Career Opportunities, Job Stress, Perceived Risk, and Job Insecurity. These dimensions generate a final evaluation for ranking priority among the employee turnover intention of the proposed model. The importance level of dimensions is evaluated by 17 experts, and decision-making is processed through the fuzzy concept and fuzzy environment. From the critical fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS analysis results, the study shows that the most important dimensions of employee turnover intention in the hotel industry model are Salary and Benefit. Moreover, the results indicate that the least important dimensions are the Co-workers' Relationship, Supervision, and Career Opportunities. The second group dimensions that impact employee turnover in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic are Work Itself, Job Stress Perceived Risk, and Job Insecurity. Moreover, this study's results show that three-star hotels have the highest value of turnover intention;the second is the Four and Five-star hotels, and the third is the Below three-star hotels. The results of the study will help businesses in the fields of hospitality have a more comprehensive view of human resource management activities. Especially, this study provides implications for hotel managers in understanding employee behavior and their turnover intention during the context of the COVID-19 epidemic based on the eight proposed dimensions. (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by IASE.